Rosewood belongs to which vegetation

This opens up prospects for the production of seedlings and planting trials with P. The results also showed that P.

This large ecological range of the species offers opportunities to set up conservation plots in reserved areas regardless of site conditions in West Africa. Studies have shown a difference in the properties of P. This difference is reflected in the superiority of the properties of trees from the Sahelian zone followed by those of the Sudanian zone. This result provides information to the West African forest services on the behavior of this species, which could be the subject of a plantation program.

In addition, knowledge of the technological characteristics of P. Indeed, these characteristics are among the important criteria to be included in the selection. For a long time confined to the selection of the growth, survival of trees, the current strategy for the genetic improvement of forest species is to include wood quality criteria. Finally, to promote the rapid restoration of P.

For the Guinean-Sudanian zones, the minimum felling diameter adopted was 35 cm for a restoration percentage of In the Sahelian zone, the minimum felling diameter adopted was 65 cm for a rotation period of 20 years. These parameters are an essential tool to limit over-logging of forest tree species and to ensure their sustainable management.

Various forest authorities will consequently have scientific tools to better protect forest resources through the enforcement of restrictive measures concerning the selective logging of valuable timber. The study was also supported by the International Foundation for Science through a research grant provided to Dr. Kossi Novinyo Segla.

Natural seedlings are very infrequent, and their survival after one or two dry seasons as well as that of young plantations is very low. Furthermore, the scientific and technical information necessary for good control of reproduction and vegetative propagation of this species is not yet available. In addition, in the field of low-cost vegetative propagation PVFC , very few trials have been carried out in the world and especially in Africa [ 22 ].

Layering consists in inducing the appearance of roots on the stems of a woody species. This is done by contacting the stems with a suitable substrate soil, sawdust, etc. When the branch or stem of a woody species is placed directly against the ground to induce the root system, it is called layering. When the contact with the substrate is above ground, it is called air layering.

Beforehand a mixture of earth and sawdust was prepared. For each marcot, two annular incisions spaced from each other by 5 cm in height and without damaging the wood are applied to the branch. This results in a vertical incision of the bark from one annular incision to another. The portion of the bark is removed, leaving bare wood Figure A1A. The consequence is the interruption of the circulation of the sap developed from the upper part to the lower part of the incised stem.

The bare part of the bark is wrapped with a transparent plastic sheet containing the mixture of earth and sawdust that serves as a support for the roots.

Aerial carving of P. A Annealing of the stem and B soil wrapped by a plastic sheet. Then seal the ends together with the tape while taking care not to trap the air. This support covers up to 10 cm on either side of the incised part, that is to say, to create a sufficiently large substrate to allow the possible roots to grow normally Figure A1B.

The supply of water is provided by injection with the aid of a syringe. In general, watering was done weekly. If the marcot is dry, a quantity of 20 ml can be injected or twice a 10 ml syringe. After the injection of water, the holes induced by the needle of the syringe are immediately closed with tape to minimize the evaporation of water.

Pterocarpus erinaceus stems were harvested from healthy mature trees whose diameter at 1. Cuttings were collected at approximately the same levels on young branches.

Stem cuttings were 15 cm length and with 20 cm diameter. Two sets of experiments were carried out to assess the effect of indoleacetic acid dose, diameter of cuttings and soaking duration on budding, and degeneration and cutting rooting of P. As all cuttings with a diameter comprising between 0 and 1. The main factor was the cutting diameter. The subsidiary factors were randomly distributed in the sub-blocks.

There was one control in each sub-block exempt of IAA treatment. The experimental tests were conducted on leafless stem cuttings and put in pots filled with forest soil substrate Figure A2.

The plots were manually watered one—two times per day. Data collected were related to the cutting budding, bud bursting, number of shoots, shoot diameter, and height. The number of budded cuttings and leafy shoots was noted weekly for 8 weeks. The number of rooted cuttings, diameter, and height of leafy shoots was noted until 24 weeks. Experimental settlement in the nursery: Pterocarpus erinaceus cuttings.

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Edited by Edward R Rhodes. Edited by Hasan Arman. We are IntechOpen, the world's leading publisher of Open Access books. Built by scientists, for scientists. Our readership spans scientists, professors, researchers, librarians, and students, as well as business professionals. Downloaded: Abstract Pterocarpus erinaceus is an endemic and threatened plant species in arid and semiarid zones of West Africa and is highly exploited for timber, animal feeding, and various medicinal uses.

Keywords Pterocarpus erinaceus socioeconomic services wood properties uncontrolled logging sustainable management West Africa. Introduction During the last decades, the deforestation is, for the developing countries, the second most worrying environmental issue after the climate changes [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ].

Table 1. Main forest characteristics of the three climatic zones. Table 2. Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics. Oxford University Press: New York. Patterns of floristic differentiation among Atlantic Forests in southeastern Brazil and the influence of climate. Phylogeography and species limits in the Gymnodactylus darwinii complex Gekkonidae, Squamata : genetic structure coincides with river systems in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

Biol J Linn Soc 85 : 13— Identifying populations for conservation on the basis of genetics markers. Conserv Biol 12 : — Pons O, Petit RJ Measuring and testing genetic differentiation with ordered and unordered alleles.

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J Hered : — Genetic variation in remnant populations of Dalbergia nigra Papilionoideae , an endangered tree from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Ann Bot 95 : — Population growth makes waves in the distribution of pairwise genetic differences.

Mol Biol Evol 9 : — Dnasp, DNA polymorphism analyses by the coalescent and other methods. Bioinformatics 19 : — Even population differentiation for maternal and biparental gene markers in Eugenia uniflora , a widely distributed species from the Brazilian coastal Atlantic rain forest. Divers Distrib 10 : — Multiple regression and correlation extension of the Mantel test of matrix correspondence. Syst Zoo 35 : — Universal primers for amplification of three non-coding regions of chloroplast DNA.

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Genome 42 : 9— The population genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation for plants. Trends Ecol Evol 11 : — Download references. We thank the three anonymous referees who made significant suggestions to improve this paper. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Correspondence to M B Lovato. Reprints and Permissions. Ribeiro, R.

Phylogeography of the endangered rosewood Dalbergia nigra Fabaceae : insights into the evolutionary history and conservation of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Heredity , 46—57 Download citation. Received : 19 March Revised : 26 February Accepted : 26 April Published : 02 June Issue Date : January Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:. Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative.

Biodiversity and Conservation Heredity Journal of Ornithology Advanced search. Skip to main content Thank you for visiting nature. Download PDF. Subjects Conservation biology Evolutionary biology Model plants Population genetics. Abstract The Brazilian rosewood Dalbergia nigra is an endangered tree endemic to the central Brazilian Atlantic Forest, one of the world's most threatened biomes.

Introduction The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is considered the second largest tropical forest in South America, covering an area of more than one million square kilometres along the Brazilian coast and extending to eastern Paraguay and north-eastern Argentina Oliveira-Filho and Fontes, Figure 1.

Full size image. Table 1 Location of sampled populations of Dalbergia nigra in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and molecular diversity indexes Full size table. Table 2 Variable sites of aligned sequences of two cpDNA regions trn V -trn M and intron trn L from which 15 haplotypes of Dalbergia nigra were identified Full size table. Figure 2. Figure 3. Table 3 Summary statistics and demographic expansion tests observed in northern NG and southern SG1 and SG2 groups and in all populations of Dalbergia nigra Full size table.

Table 4 Results of two independent runs evaluating northern NG and southern SG1 and SG2 groups of Dalbergia nigra under an isolation with migration model Full size table. Implications for conservation Phylogeography and genetic diversity data can contribute to the development of effective conservation strategies. Google Scholar Behling H Google Scholar Ditchfield AD Google Scholar Fu YX Google Scholar Goudet J Google Scholar Hamilton MB Google Scholar Kuhner MK Google Scholar Monmonier MS Google Scholar Moritz C Google Scholar Myers N If the answer is not available please wait for a while and a community member will probably answer this soon.

You can study other questions, MCQs, videos and tests for Class 6 on EduRev and even discuss your questions like Mahogany and rosewood trees are found in. Apart from being the largest Class 6 community, EduRev has the largest solved Question bank for Class 6. Upgrade to Infinity. By continuing, I agree that I am at least 13 years old and have read and agree to the terms of service and privacy policy.

For Your Perfect Score in Class 6. The Best you need at One Place. Start Your Infinity Experience. Forgot Password. Since the region is warm and wet throughout the year, it has luxuriant vegetation of all kinds — trees, shrubs, and creepers giving it a multilayered structure.

There is no definite time for trees to shed their leaves. As such, these forests appear green all the year-round.